| रतनजोत | Alkanet Root | Ratin Jot | रतनजोत | रातीं जोट rātīṃ (rātīn) joṭ | रक्तमूळ raktamūḷ | | |
 | सौंफ | Aniseed[1] | Suwa / Shopa | सुव्वा/शोप suvvā/śop | सुव्वा/शोप suvvā/śop | चक्रिफुल chakriphul | | |
 | हींग | Asafoetida | Hing | हींग | हींग | हिंग | ہنگ | Intensely aromatic - related to Truffle and Garlic |
 | लाल मरिचा | Red Chilli | Lal Mirch | लाल मिर्च | रातो खुर्सानि | लाल मिरची | مرچ | |
 | बड़की लाची | Black Cardamom | Kali Elaichi | काली इलायची | काली इलायची | वेलची | الائچی کالی | Very earthy and darkly aromatic. A much used in North Indian curries. |
 | White Pepper | Safed Mirchi | सफ़ेद मिर्च saphed mirch | सेतो खुर्सानि saphed mirch | पांढरी मिरी pāṃḍhari (pānḍhari) mirī | سفید مرچ | |
 | Black Pepper | Kali Mirchi | काली मिर्च kālī mirch | काली खुर्सानि kālī mirch | काळी मिरी kāḷī mirī | مرچ کالی | Largest producer is the southern Indian state of Kerala. |
 | Peppercorns | Kali Mirch | काली मिर्च kālī mirch | काली खुर्सानि kālī mirch | काळी मिरी kāḷī mirī | مرچ کالی | |
 | Black Cumin | Shah Jeera | शाही जीरा śāhī jīrā | शाही जीरा śāhī jīrā | शाहजिरे śāhajire | شاہ زیرہ | Sweet, floral and smokey cumin and anise-like flavour. Smaller in size than regular cumin. Often mistaken as Caraway seed. Though English translation is black cumin, the term black cumin is also used as English translation of Nigella sativa, kalonji |
 | Capers | Kachra | कचरा/कब्र/करेर kacharā/kabr/karer | कचरा/कब्र/करेर kacharā/kabr/karer | केपर्स kepars | کرر | |
 | Capsicum | Shimla Mirch | शिमला मिर्च śimalā mirch | भेडे खुर्सानि śimalā mirch | सिमला मिरची/भोपळी मिरची / ढब्बू मिरची simalā mirachī/bhopaḷi mirachī/ḍhabbū mirachī | شملہ مرچ | |
 | Celery / Radhuni Seed | Ajmud | अज्मुद/अज्मोदा ajmud/ajmodā | अज्मुद/अज्मोदा ajmud/ajmodā | अजमोदा ajmodā | اجوائن | |
 | Charoli | Chironji | चिरोंजी chiroṃjī (chironjī) | चिरोंजी chiroṃjī (chironjī) | चारोळी chāroḷi | چرونجی | a type of nut particularly used in making desserts |
 | Indian Bay Leaf, Bay Leaf | Tej Patta | तेज पत्ता tej pattā | तेज पत्ता tej pattā | तमालपत्र tamālapatr | تيزپات | Both Indian bay leaf and bay leaf are similar and called as Tej Patta in Hindi. however, they are from two different species and have differences in taste |
| Cinnamon Buds | Nag Keshar | नाग केशर nāg keśar | नाग केशर nāg keśar | नाग केशर nāg keśar | دارچینی | |
 | Cinnamon | Dalchini | दालचीनी dālachīnī | दालचीनी dālachīnī | दालचिनी dālachinī | دارچینی | Grown commercially in Kerala in southern India. Two types, cassia (common) and royal. |
 | Citric Acid | Nimbu Phool | निंबू फूल niṃbū phūl | निंबू फूल niṃbū phūl | निंबू फूल niṃbū phūl | سرکہ | |
 | Cloves | Laung | लवंग/लौंग lavaṃg (lavang) / lauṃg (laung) | लवंग/लौंग lavaṃg (lavang) / lauṃg (laung) | लवंग lavaṃg (lavang) | لونگ | Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka are largest producers in India. |
| Coriander Powder | Dhania Powder / Pisa Dhania | धनिया पाउडर / पिसा धनिया dhaniyā pāuḍar / pisā dhaniyā | धनिया पाउडर dhaniyā pāuḍar | धणे पूड dhaṇe pūḍ | دھنیہ | |
 | Coriander Seed | Dhania / Hara Dhaniya | धनिया dhaniyā | धनिया dhaniyā | धणे dhaṇe | دھنیا | |
 | Cubeb | Kebab Cheeni / Kabab Chini | कबाब चीनी kabāb chīnī | कबाब चीनी kabāb chīnī | नाकेश्वर nākeśvar | کباب چینی | Tastes of Clove + Persistent Mild Numbing + Bitterness |
| Cumin Seed ground into balls | Jeera Goli | ज़ीरा गोली zīrā (jīrā) golī | ज़ीरा गोली zīrā (jīrā) golī | | | |
 | Cumin Seed | Jeera | ज़ीरा zīrā (jīrā) | ज़ीरा zīrā (jīrā) | जिरं jiraṃ | زیرہ | See Kali Jeera. |
 | Curry Tree or Sweet Neem Leaf | Karipatta | करीपत्ता / कढ़ीपत्ता karīpattā/kaḍhīpattā | करीपत्ता / कढ़ीपत्ता karīpattā/kaḍhīpattā | कढीपत्ता kaḍhīpattā | کریاپات | Cannot retain flavour when dried. Only use fresh. |
 | Fennel Seed | Saunf / Sanchal | सौंफ / संचल sauṃph (saunph)/saṃchal (sanchal) | सौंफ / संचल sauṃph (saunph)/saṃchal (sanchal) | बडीशेप baḍīśep | سوںف | |
 | Fenugreek Leaf | Kasoori Methi, Dried | कसूरी मेथी kasūrī methī | कसूरी मेथी kasūrī methī | कसुरी मेथी kasūrī methī | قصوری میتھی | |
| Fenugreek Leaf | Methi Leaves | मेथी पत्ता methī pattā | मेथी पत्ता methī pattā | मेथीची पानं methīchī paanaṃ | میتھی | |
 | Fenugreek Seed | Methi Seeds | मेथी दाना methī dānā | मेथी दाना methī dānā | मेथीचे दाणे methīche dāṇe | میتھی دانہ | |
| Four Seeds | Char Magaj | तरबूज खरबूज ककडी पैंठे के बीज tarabūj kharabūj kakaḍī pauṃṭhe ke bīj | तरबूजा खरबूजा कक्ररा पैंठे को बीज tarabūj kharabūj kakaḍī pauṃṭhe ke bīj | मगज बी magaj bī | | Seeds of Water melon, musk melon,cucumber and pumpkin |
 | Garcinia gummi-gutta | Kudampuli | | | | Used in fish preparations of Kerala |
 | Garam Masala | Garam Masala | गरम मसाला garam masālā | गरम मसाला garam masālā | गरम मसाला garam masālā | گرم مصالحہ | Blend of 8+ spices. Each family has their own secret recipe. |
 | Garcinia indica | Kokum | कोकम kokam | कोकम kokam | कोकम / आमसूल kokam/āmasūl | کوکم | |
 | Garlic | Lehsun | लहसुन lahasun | लसुन lahasun | लसूण lasūṇ | لہسن | |
 | Ginger | Adrak | अदरक adarak | अदुवा aduwa | आलं ālaṃ | ادرک | |
 | Dried Ginger | Sonth | सोंठ soṃṭh (sonṭh) | अदुवा पाउडर aduwa powder | सुंठ suṃṭh (sunṭh) | سونٹھ | mostly powdered |
 | Green Cardamom | Chhoti Elaichi | छोटी इलाइची chhoṭī ilāichī | छोटी इलाइची chhoṭī ilāichī | वेलची velachī | چھوٹی الائچی | Malabar variety is native to Kerala. |
| Indian Bedellium Tree | Gugul, Guggul | गुगल/गु्ग्गल gugal/guggal | गुगल/गु्ग्गल gugal/guggal | डिंंक ḍiṃk (ḍink) | | Very earthy aromatic mostly used in religious |
 | Indian Gooseberry | Amla | आँवला āṃvalā | आँवला āṃvalā | आवळा āvaḷā | آملا | |
 | Black Salt | Kala Namak / Sanchal | काला नमक / संचल kālā namak / saṃchal (sanchal) | काला नमक / संचल kālā namak / saṃchal (sanchal) | काळं मीठ kāḷaṃ mīṭh | کالا نمک | Rock salt, but with very sulfury smell. |
| Kalpasi | Pathar Ka Phool | पत्थर के फूल patthar ke phūl | पत्थर के फूल patthar ke phūl | दगडफूल dagaḍaphūl | | پتھر کا پھول | Also known as black stone flower |
 | Licorice Powder | Jethimadh | जेठीमध jeṭhīmadh | जेठीमधु jeṭhīmadhu | ज्येष्ठमध jyeṣṭhamadh | ملہٹی | |
 | Long Pepper | Pippali | पिप्पलि pippali | पिप्पलि pippali | पिंपळी piṃpaḷī | پپليان | |
| Mango Extract | Kamiki | कामिकी kāmikī | कामिकी kāmikī | आंबा अर्क āmbā ark | آم اقتباس | |
| Sour Dried Mango Powder | Aamchur/Amchoor Powder | आमचूर / अमचुर āmachūr/amachur | आमचूर / अमचुर āmachūr/amachur | आमचूर / आंबोशी āmachūr/āṃbośī | آمچور | |
 | Mint | Pudina | पुदीना 'pudīnā | पुदीना 'pudīnā | पुदिना pudinā | پودینہ | |
 | Mustard Seed | Sarson | सरसों sarasoṃ | सरसों sarasoṃ | मोहरी moharī | سرسوں | |
 | Brown mustard Seed | Rai | राई rāī | राई rāī | मोहरी moharī | رائی | |
 | Nigella Seed | Kalonji | कलोंजी kaloṃjī (kalomjī) | कलोंजी kaloṃjī (kalomjī) | कांद्याचे बी kāmdyāche bī | کلونجی | |
 | Nutmeg | Jaiphal | जैफल / जायफल jaiphal/jāyaphal | जैफल / जायफल jaiphal/jāyaphal | जायफळ jāyaphaḷ | جائفل | Whole nuts last forever. Powder, only a month. |
 | Mace | Javitri | जावित्री jāvitrī | जावित्री jāvitrī | जायपत्री jāyapatrī | جاوتری | Mace is outer covering to nutmeg nut. Similar aroma. |
 | Holy Basil | Tulsi | तुलसी tulasī | तुलसी tulasī | तुळस tuḷas | تلسی | |
 | Panch Phoron | Panch Phoron | पञ्च फोरन pañch phoran | पञ्च फोरन pañch phoran | | | جاوتری | This is a Bengali spice mix that combines fennel seeds, cumin seeds, fenugreek seeds, mustard seeds and nigella seeds. |
 | Pomegranate Seed | Anardana | अनारदाना anārdānā | अनारदाना anārdānā | डाळींबदाणे ḍāḷiṃbadāṇe | اناردانا | Dried not fresh. Is ground in Middle East. |
 | Poppy Seed | Khus Khus | खस-खस khas-khas | खस-खस khas-khas | खसखस khas khas | خشخاش | |
| Saffron Pulp | Kesar mari mari | केसर मिरी मिरी kesar mirī mirī | केसर मिरी मिरी kesar mirī mirī | केशर लगदा keśar lagadā | زعفران گودا | Actually, safflower concentrate |
 | Saffron | Kesar, mayur | केसर / जाफरान kesar/jāpharān | केसर / जाफरान kesar/jāpharān | केशर keśar | زعفران | World's most expensive spice. Flavouring for rice. |
 | Salt | Namak | नमक namak | नमक namak | मीठ mīṭh | نمک | |
 | Sesame Seed | Til | तिल til | तिल til | तीळ tīḷ | تل | |
 | Star Anise | Chakra Phool | चक्र फूल / बदल फुल chakra phūl/badal phul | चक्र फूल / बदल फुल chakra phūl/badal phul | चक्र फूल chakra phūl | باديان خطائى | Exotic, Chinese-influenced flavours |
 | Tamarind | Imli | इमली imalī | इमली imalī | चिंच chiṃch (chinch) | املی | Provides tartness in South Indian curries |
 | Carom/thymol seed | Ajwain | अज़वाइन azvāin | अज़वाइन azvāin | ओवा ovā | اجوائن | |
 | Turmeric | Haldi | हल्दी haldī | हल्दी haldī | हळद haḷad | ہلدی | Source of "yellow color" in many curries. |
| Fresh basil | Thai Basil | तुलसी tulasī | तुलसी tulasī | तुळस tuḷas | تُلسی | |
 | Fresh Coriander | Hara Dhaniya | हरा धनिया harā dhaniyā | हरा धनिया harā dhaniyā | कोथिंबीर kothiṃbīr | کوتمیر ھرا دھنیا | Fresh green leaves. AKA Cilantro. |
 | Green Chili Pepper | Hari Mirch | हरी मिर्च harī mirch | हरी मिर्च harī mirch | हिरवी मिरची hiravī mirachī | ہری مرچ | |
| Gum Tragacanth | Katira Goond | कटीरा गोंद kaṭīrā goṃd (gond) | कटीरा गोंद kaṭīrā goṃd (gond) | डिंक ḍiṃk (ḍink) | کٹیرا | A thickener and coating for desserts |
 | Inknut Terminalia chebula | Harad / Harr / Haritaki | हरद harad | हरद harad | हिरडा / हरडा hiraḍā/haraḍā | حرر | |
 | Red Chili Pepper | Lal Mirchi | लाल मिर्च lāl mirch | लाल मिर्च lāl mirch | लाल मिरची lāl mirachī | لال مرچ |
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